Heat Stroke
07/12/04

The heat of summer has finally arrived or at least will soon.  Our outdoor dogs are subject to overheating this time of year.  Heat stroke can be a killer so here are some hints to avoid and recognize it.

Heavy coated dogs, like American Eskimos, Malamutes, certain Labradors, and many others are more prone to heat stroke.  Regular brushing may help.  A far more important factor is your dog’s relative weight.  Even slightly overweight dogs are far more prone to overheating.  The vast majority of dogs in the US are overweight.  A dog in good condition should be much thinner in the flanks than they are in the chest and you should be able to easily feel and almost see their ribs.  Think “long distance runner”.  Very energetic dogs and dogs over 7 or 8 years old are more likely to become overheated as well.

Dogs dissipate body heat by panting, or rapid, shallow breathing.  They do not sweat as we do.  This rapid breathing increases water loss from the lungs so one of the most important things you can do is be sure there is plenty of fresh drinking water.  The water should be freshened daily and kept in a shaded location.

Obviously shade should be provided for your dogs as well in a well ventilated location.  Air stagnation can be an important predisposing factor.

We see overheating and heat stroke in dogs almost exclusively after strenuous exercise.  The heat generated by even short bursts of exercise, like running down to the mailbox, can be enough to provoke overheating.

Typical signs of heatstroke are rapid respiration, collapse, bright red mucous membrane color, a “staring” expression, and sometimes vomiting and/or diarrhea.

If you suspect heat stroke treatment should be immediate and should include wetting or emersion with cold water.  Examination by a veterinarian as soon as possible is important as serious side effects including brain swelling can result from heat stroke.

Have a happy and safe summer season!